◎ 投闲置散 tóuxián-zhìsǎn[throw on the scrap-heap;stay idle] 未被重用,放在闲散的地位上-----------------国语辞典:置于不重要的地位,不予重用。唐.韩愈〈进学解〉:「动而得谤,名亦随之。投闲置散,乃分之宜。」《痛史.第一回》:「不比那失位的昏君,衔璧舆榇之后,不过封他一个归命侯,将他投闲置散罢了!」反人尽其才﹑责重事繁
◎ 投鼠忌器 tóushǔ-jìqì[throw something at a rat,but afraid to break the vase;caution in taking action;burn not your house to rid it of the mouse;spare the rat to save the dishes;those who live in grass house should not throw stones] 投打靠近器物的老鼠怕伤了器物。比喻想打击坏人而又有所顾忌,怕伤害好人而不敢作为 -----------------国语辞典:想掷打老鼠,却担心老鼠身旁的器物被击坏而不敢下手。语本《汉书.卷四八.贾谊传》:「里谚曰:『欲投鼠而忌器。』此善谕也。鼠近于器,尚惮不投,恐伤其器,况于贵臣之近主乎!」后比喻做事有所顾忌,不敢下手。《三国演义.第二○回》:「云长问玄德曰:『操贼欺君罔上,我欲杀之,为国除害,兄何止我?』玄德曰:『投鼠忌器』。」也作「投鼠之忌」、「掷鼠忌器」。近有所顾忌反肆无忌惮英语 lit. to refrain from shooting at the rat for fear of breaking the vases (idiom), to not act against an evil so as to prevent harm to innocents德语 Das Kind nicht mit dem Bade ausschütten , Nicht nach der Ratte werfen, wenn Geschirr in der Nähe ist
◎ 投鞭断流 tóubiān-duànliú[(of forces) numerous and powerful;with a strong army that,if the soldiers throw their whips into the river,it would be enough to stem the current] 中国前秦的苻坚进攻东晋时骄傲地说,我这么多的军队,把每个兵的马鞭子都投到江里,就能截断水流(见于《晋书·苻坚载记》)。后用来比喻人马众多,兵力强大 -----------------国语辞典:东晋时,前秦苻坚打算大规模进侵,石越以东晋有长江天险阻隔,不宜兴兵。苻坚却说:「以吾之众旅,投鞭于江足断其流。」典出《晋书.卷一一四.苻坚载记下》。后比喻军队众多,兵力强大。
◎ 投机取巧 tóujī-qǔqiǎo[speculate and take advantage of opportunity;resort to dubious shifts to further one's interest;seize every chance to gain advantage by trickey] 耍小聪明,利用时机谋取私利 投机取巧最可耻-----------------国语辞典:利用时机,获取利益。如:「我们做事要务本踏实,不可投机取巧。」近脚踏两船