◎ 投壶 tóuhú[a game during feast in which the winner was decided by the number of arrows thrown into a distant pot] 古时宴会时的娱乐活动,大家轮流把筹投入壶中,投中少者须罚酒 -----------------国语辞典:古代宴会时的娱乐,宾主依次投矢于壶中,以投中次数决定胜负,胜者斟酒给败者喝。《礼记.投壶》:「投壶之礼,主人奉矢,司射奉中,使人执壶。」《史记.卷一二六.滑稽传.淳于髡传》:「若乃州闾之会,男女杂坐,行酒稽留,六博投壶,相引为曹,握手无罚,目眙不禁,前有堕珥,后有遗簪,髡窃乐此,饮可八斗而醉二参。」
◎ 投鼠忌器 tóushǔ-jìqì[throw something at a rat,but afraid to break the vase;caution in taking action;burn not your house to rid it of the mouse;spare the rat to save the dishes;those who live in grass house should not throw stones] 投打靠近器物的老鼠怕伤了器物。比喻想打击坏人而又有所顾忌,怕伤害好人而不敢作为 -----------------国语辞典:想掷打老鼠,却担心老鼠身旁的器物被击坏而不敢下手。语本《汉书.卷四八.贾谊传》:「里谚曰:『欲投鼠而忌器。』此善谕也。鼠近于器,尚惮不投,恐伤其器,况于贵臣之近主乎!」后比喻做事有所顾忌,不敢下手。《三国演义.第二○回》:「云长问玄德曰:『操贼欺君罔上,我欲杀之,为国除害,兄何止我?』玄德曰:『投鼠忌器』。」也作「投鼠之忌」、「掷鼠忌器」。近有所顾忌反肆无忌惮英语 lit. to refrain from shooting at the rat for fear of breaking the vases (idiom), to not act against an evil so as to prevent harm to innocents德语 Das Kind nicht mit dem Bade ausschütten , Nicht nach der Ratte werfen, wenn Geschirr in der Nähe ist
◎ 投机取巧 tóujī-qǔqiǎo[speculate and take advantage of opportunity;resort to dubious shifts to further one's interest;seize every chance to gain advantage by trickey] 耍小聪明,利用时机谋取私利 投机取巧最可耻-----------------国语辞典:利用时机,获取利益。如:「我们做事要务本踏实,不可投机取巧。」近脚踏两船
◎ 投机买卖,投机倒把 tóujī-mǎimài,tóujī-dǎobǎ[engage in speculation and profiteering] 以欺诈的手段牟取暴利。如买空卖空,囤积居奇等-----------------国语辞典:以买空卖空,套购转卖等欺诈手段获取暴利。如:「他专做投机倒把的生意,可别上他的当。」
◎ 所向披靡 suǒxiàng-pīmǐ[(of troops) carry all before one; sweep away all obstacles] 比喻力量所达到之处,敌人望风溃散或一切障碍皆被清除-----------------国语辞典:比喻力量所到之处,敌人纷纷溃退。《周书.卷二九.王雅传》:「擐甲步战,所向披靡,太祖壮之。」也作「所向风靡」。近势如破竹,所向无敌反风声鹤唳,溃不成军,节节失利,望风披靡英语 to sweep everything before one, to be invincible (idiom)德语 alles hinwegfegen (V, Sprichw), der Feind flüchtet schon beim Anblick der Truppen 法语 tout bouleverser sur son passage, Tout succombe à son assaut .