◎ 泥古 nìgǔ[have bigoted belief in the ancients;stick to ancient ways and thoughts] 拘泥古代的成规或说法,不知变通高谈泥古不须尔。——刘迎《河防行》泥古不化-----------------国语辞典：拘泥古制而不知变通。《宋史．卷二六二．刘温叟传》：「儒者泥古，致详于形名度数间，而不知清浊轻重之用。」《大宋宣和遗事．元集》：「王安石泥古迂儒，若用为相，必多更变，重扰天下。」英语 stick-in-the-mud, to stick to old ways, stubbornly conservative
◎ 泥沙俱下 níshā-jùxià[mud and sand are carried along—there is a mingling of good and bad] 比喻好的和坏的混杂在一起 -----------------国语辞典：泥土和沙子随著河流冲下来。比喻人或事物不论好坏均混杂一起。清．袁枚《随园诗话》：「人称才大者，如万里黄河，与泥沙俱下。余以为此粗才，非大才也。」近牛骥同皂,龙蛇混杂,鱼龙混杂英语 mud and sand flow together (idiom), good and bad mingle